Heide's 29 Gallon Planted Aquarium

Tank History

This page is still under construction - I'll be filling in some missing parts from memory when I get the chance.

June 1997
The aquarium was first set up in early June, using a substrate of #16 silica sand over a 2 inch layer of Hartz pH5 kitty litter. Osmocote fertilizer pellets were mixed with the clay. The two otocinclus were added within the first week of setup to get a head start on any algae.

Since this was my first attempt at a planted tank, I pretty much ignored any aquascaping and planted things wherever they fit. The plants grew fast right from the start. Pretty soon it was a matter of deciding which ones to keep - Ambulia got canned because it grew too fast and kept taking over the water surface.

August 1997
By now the tank had been growing jungle-like for a while, so I got brave enough to add some cardinal tetras. The first few batches were pretty sickly - nearly every morning I'd find another fish sucked against the filter intake, and most of them came down with Ick. Finally I found a LFS that had a big school of very active, healthy-looking cardinals, and brought home 12 of them to add to the 3 survivors from previous stores. One of the store employees also gave me the very helpful tip of drip-acclimating the fish to their new home. (That's where you slowly drip water from the tank into the fish container over an hour or two using airline tubing and a check valve.) Anyway, that did the trick - no more fish deaths.

Sometime in late August/ early September the tank went through a "cloudy water" phase. It was a couple weeks after the tetras had been added, and it also seemed to coincide with a heat wave that pushed tank temps up to 83 degrees F during the day. No ammonia or nitrites were measurable (to this day, I've never detected any ammonia or nitrites), and when the temperature dropped back to the regular 78F after a couple weeks, the cloudiness went away on its own.

Snails - Some ramshorn and pond snails had been in the tank since setup, and from what I gathered on the aquaria newsgroups, pond snails were overly prolific and annoying. So ever since the beginning I'd been catching and squashing the larger pond snails. Around this time I noticed that the pond snails had died out completely. I don't think I could have squashed them all, and as far as I know tetras and ottos don't eat snails. :-) So it's a happy mystery to me how this happened. Maybe it was the competition from the ramshorns combined with my snail-squishing efforts. The same thing also happened in my 30-gallon tank - I haven't seen a pond snail anywhere for months.

October / November 1998
Got tired of the jungle look and rearranged the plants to create some open spaces. Now you can actually see the cardinals.

December 1997
Took some photos using ASA400 35mm film, manual exposures, and a tripod.

January / February 1998
Plant growth slowed down a bit - some showed deficiency symptoms. Alternanthera had smaller leaves, java fern developed holes and black spots. Green thread algae started appearing among the Lilaeopsis and on the leaves of other plants closest to the light. Hygrophila polysperma and java fern had paler leaves than usual. The fish seemed fine, so I didn't do anything for a while.

March 1998
Figured it was about time to re-fertilize the substrate, so I pushed some bits of Best-Tab fertilizer tablets into the kitty litter layer. I also changed two of the four light bulbs over the tank. Plants started growing normally again after a couple weeks, although the thread algae still grows around the Lilaeopsis. Java fern sometimes develops some black sections and holes in the new leaves.

One cardinal tetra has disappeared - I assume it died and got eaten. Then again, last month one of the ottos vanished for the whole month, but popped up again after a good plant trimming.

April 1998
Most plants are doing fine, but that green thread algae sure is stubborn. Trimmed back a lot of the Lilaeopsis hoping to get rid of the algae. I also started using Thiel Aquatech trace element fertilizer, thinking there might be a trace element imbalance in the tank. Now I've been using mostly Thiel for about 3 weeks, but still a drop of Kent once a week or so. I've cut back to adding 1 drop of trace element fertilizer every other day instead of every day. I don't have test kits for iron or low concentrations of nitrates, but I'm thinking of getting them if this keeps up. The algae doesn't look that bad, but it bugs me since it didn't always use to be part of the tank.

May 1998
May 9 - Got LaMotte phosphate and nitrate test kits. Phosphates are undetectable, nitrates are at 0.5 ppm nitrate-nitrogen. This test was made a few days after I added some KNO3 to the tank, so I'm guessing my nitrates may generally be a bit low.

June 1998
June 28th - Changed two of the light bulbs. Been adding KNO3 regularly now, haven't used the test kits again though. I think the black spots on the java fern have stopped appearing on new leaves.

July 1998
Pushed some Jobes fertilizer spikes into the substrate under the Alternanthera and under the H. polysperma below the filter intake. The java fern has become a monster and taken over half the tank, so I trimmed it back severely, leaving only a few sprigs to grow back.

August - October 1998
Well, I've been a bit of a flake about updating this page in a while, and now I can't remember exactly what happened when. What's happened since July:
I've been trying to add KNO3 regularly, and the difference is noticable. Leaves get bigger and healthier. I've been using a higher ratio of tap water for water changes, so the water should be harder and higher in pH. Once I forgot to change the yeast generator for a long time - the pH rose to over 7.6 and the fish were not happy. 2 cardinal tetras died (not sure what their life span is supposed to be - these are from the original batch over 1 year ago).

I think it was early September that we had our annual heat wave, which caused tank temperatures to reach 83F. This once again coincided with cloudy water - not too bad: things at the back of the tank looked hazy. The cloudiness went away after the temperatures dropped a couple weeks later.

November 1998
Nov 15th - one of the light fixtures in the hood is broken, I'm not sure since when (less than 1 month). So we've got only 3 20-Watt bulbs at the moment. The green algae isn't so much "thread" algae anymore - it's more like short strands that clump together and attach themselves firmly to plants. Trimmed back more Lilaeopsis to get rid of it.

Tank specs:

Filtration: Aquaclear 150 power filter
Temperature: 78 F
CO2: DIY yeast CO2 injection into the power filter intake tube
pH: 6.6 - 7.2, depending on time of day and how fresh the yeast is
GH: 8 dH
KH: 8 dH
Lighting: 4 x 20W normal output flourescent tubes
Substrate:
2 inches Hartz pH5 kitty litter, 1 inch #16 silica sand on top.
Fertilizer:
Osmocote pellets mixed in substrate with kitty litter in initial setup.
PMDD-style fertilizer added to water column, using Kent's Plant Micronutrient Supplement, KNO3 and K2SO4 added as necessary.
Starting 3/98, I've been alternating between the Kent and Thiel Aquatech brands of trace element fertilizers.
Occasional additions of 1-2 Jobes Fertilizer Sticks (the Palms and Ferns variety) pushed deep into substrate every few months.
Water changes:
10-15% weekly, using a mixture of tap water and reverse-osmosis water from the Glacier vending machines at the supermarket.
Animal inhabitants:
10 cardinal tetras, 2 otocinclus, many ramshorn snails.
Plants:
Alternanthera reineckii
Bacopa monieri
Hygrophila polysperma
Isoettes (quillwort)
Java fern
Java moss
Lilaeopsis (micro sword)
Ludwigia arcuata
Proserpinaca pectinata (Mermaid plant)
Rotala indica

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boingy@ugcs.caltech.edu / 17 Nov 1998